8 Shih Tzu Behavior Problems (And How to Fix Them FAST!)

Your “Sweet” Shih Tzu Has Behavior Problems—And They’re Getting Worse

Destructive separation anxiety. Constant barking. Aggression toward strangers. House training regression. These problems aren’t going away on their own—they’re escalating into serious issues that damage your relationship and stress your dog. Here are 8 solutions that actually work.

Watch the complete video above for training demonstrations and quick fixes.

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Quick Navigation

1. Separation Anxiety
2. Hyperactivity
3. Aggression
4. Resource Guarding
5. House Training
6. Jumping
7. Destructive Chewing
8. Excessive Licking

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1. Separation Anxiety: The Companion Dog Challenge

Understanding Separation Anxiety

Shih Tzus were bred specifically for human companionship, creating strong bonds with their families. This attachment becomes problematic when dogs cannot tolerate being alone, developing separation anxiety—a condition causing genuine distress, not simple misbehavior.

Symptoms of Separation Anxiety

Behavioral Signs:

• Destructive chewing (furniture, door frames, personal items)
• Excessive barking, whining, or howling
• House soiling despite being housetrained
• Pacing or restless movement
• Attempting to escape (scratching at doors, windows)
• Following owners from room to room when home

Physical Symptoms:

• Panting or drooling
• Trembling
• Loss of appetite when alone
• Self-injury from escape attempts

Why Shih Tzus Develop Separation Anxiety

• Strong bonding tendency from breeding history
• Sudden changes in routine or family structure
• Traumatic experiences when alone (storms, loud noises)
• Lack of gradual acclimation to alone time
• Reinforcement of clingy behavior

Fast Solutions for Separation Anxiety

Gradual Desensitization:

Start with extremely brief separations and slowly increase duration:

1. Week 1: Leave for 30 seconds to 2 minutes multiple times daily
2. Week 2: Extend to 5-10 minutes
3. Week 3: Progress to 15-30 minutes
4. Week 4: Build to 1-2 hours

Environmental Setup:

• Create a comfortable, secure space (crate or designated room)
• Provide interactive toys or puzzle feeders
• Leave recently worn clothing with owner’s scent
• Use calming music or white noise
• Ensure bathroom access or pee pads for extended absences

Departure and Arrival Management:

• Keep departures calm and low-key (no dramatic goodbyes)
• Ignore attention-seeking behavior before leaving
• Don’t make arrivals exciting events
• Wait until dog is calm before providing attention

Mental and Physical Exercise:

• Tire dogs before departures with play or walks
• Provide mentally stimulating activities
• Establish predictable daily routines

Professional Help:

Severe separation anxiety may require:

• Consultation with veterinary behaviorists
• Anti-anxiety medication in extreme cases
• Professional trainer guidance for behavior modification programs

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2. Hyperactivity and Inability to Settle

Recognizing Hyperactivity

Hyperactivity manifests as excessive energy, difficulty staying calm, constant movement, and inability to focus. Unlike normal playful behavior, hyperactivity is persistent and disruptive.

Common Causes

Insufficient Exercise: Despite their small size, Shih Tzus need daily physical activity. Lack of exercise creates pent-up energy expressed as hyperactive behavior.

Boredom: Intelligent dogs without mental stimulation become hyperactive seeking engagement.

Anxiety: Some dogs express anxiety through hyperactive behavior rather than withdrawal.

Reinforcement: Inadvertent reward of hyper behavior (attention when jumping, excited greetings) reinforces the pattern.

Diet: Rarely, food sensitivities or high-carbohydrate diets contribute to hyperactivity.

Fast-Acting Solutions

Increase Physical Exercise:

• Provide 20-30 minutes of daily exercise minimum
• Two shorter walks often work better than one long session
• Include active play (fetch, tug-of-war)
• Vary walking routes for mental stimulation

Mental Stimulation:

• Training sessions (5-10 minutes, multiple times daily)
• Puzzle toys and interactive feeders
• Hide-and-seek games with treats or toys
• Learning new tricks or commands regularly

Calm Behavior Training:

Teach “Settle” Command:

1. Start when dog is already calm
2. Use calm voice and slow movements
3. Reward any calm behavior (lying down, staying still)
4. Gradually increase duration of calm behavior required
5. Practice in various locations and situations

Impulse Control Exercises:

• Wait before meals
• Sit before going through doors
• Stay before being released to play

Environmental Management:

• Establish calm zones in the home
• Reduce environmental stimulation when needed
• Create predictable routines
• Provide appropriate outlets for energy

Avoid Reinforcing Hyperactivity:

• Ignore jumping, spinning, or demanding behavior
• Provide attention only when calm
• Keep greetings low-key

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3. Aggression Toward People or Dogs

Understanding Canine Aggression

Aggression in Shih Tzus—typically manifesting as growling, barking, lunging, or biting—can be directed toward people, other dogs, or both. While less common in this generally friendly breed, aggression requires immediate attention.

Types and Causes

Fear-Based Aggression: Defensive response to perceived threats, often from inadequate socialization or traumatic experiences.

Territorial Aggression: Protecting home, yard, or owners from perceived intruders.

Resource Guarding: Aggression when defending food, toys, or valued items (addressed separately).

Pain-Induced Aggression: Aggression when touched if experiencing pain or discomfort.

Redirected Aggression: Aggression directed at available target when actual trigger is inaccessible.

Warning Signs

• Stiff body posture
• Fixed stare
• Raised hackles
• Lip curling or showing teeth
• Growling
• Snapping
• Biting

Solutions for Aggression

Early Socialization (Prevention):

Puppy Socialization (8-16 weeks):

• Exposure to various people (ages, appearances, behaviors)
• Controlled interactions with vaccinated, friendly dogs
• Introduction to different environments and sounds
• Positive associations with new experiences

For Existing Aggression:

Identify Triggers:

• Note specific situations causing aggressive responses
• Recognize early warning signs
• Understand threshold distances

Positive Counter-Conditioning:

1. Identify trigger distance where dog notices but doesn’t react
2. Pair trigger appearance with high-value treats
3. Gradually decrease distance over many sessions
4. Never force interaction or punish aggressive displays

Management:

• Avoid triggering situations during training
• Use physical barriers when needed
• Never put dog in situations where aggression is likely
• Warn others (use “nervous dog” vest or leash markers)

Professional Intervention:

Aggression requires professional help:

• Certified dog trainers specializing in aggression
• Veterinary behaviorists
• Comprehensive behavior modification programs
• Possible medication for severe cases

Never:

• Punish aggressive behavior (increases fear and aggression)
• Force interaction with triggers
• Use dominance-based training methods
• Ignore warning signs hoping behavior will improve

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4. Resource Guarding

What Is Resource Guarding?

Resource guarding occurs when dogs display aggressive behavior to protect valued items—food, toys, sleeping spots, or even people. This instinctive behavior becomes problematic in domestic settings.

Signs of Resource Guarding

Mild:

• Eating faster when approached
• Stiffening body when people near food/toys
• Turning body to block access

Moderate:

• Growling
• Showing teeth
• Freezing with item in mouth

Severe:

• Snapping
• Biting
• Actively lunging to protect resources

Why Resource Guarding Develops

• Natural instinct to protect valuable items
• Previous resource scarcity experiences
• Punishment for guarding (increases anxiety)
• Inadvertent reinforcement
• Genetics (some dogs more prone)

Fast Solutions for Resource Guarding

Trade-Up Training:

1. Step 1: Approach with high-value treat
2. Step 2: Drop treat near guarded item (don’t take item)
3. Step 3: Walk away
4. Repeat: Build positive association with approach
5. Progress: Eventually trade treat for guarded item
6. Return Item: Give item back after trade (teaches giving up doesn’t mean losing)

“Drop It” Command Training:

Practice with non-valued items first:

1. Dog holds toy
2. Offer high-value treat
3. When dog drops toy, say “drop it”
4. Give treat immediately
5. Return toy
6. Gradually progress to more valued items

Hand-Feeding:

• Temporarily feed all meals by hand
• Builds trust around food
• Teaches human hands near food = good things

Professional Help Required:

Severe resource guarding needs professional intervention:

• Risk of serious bites
• Specialized behavior modification protocols
• Safety for all family members

Never:

• Punish guarding behavior
• Take items by force
• Startle or scare dog with guarded items
• Allow children near guarding dogs

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5. House Training Difficulties

Why Shih Tzus Struggle with House Training

Small bladders mean more frequent elimination needs. Additionally, some Shih Tzus develop stubborn tendencies, and indoor accidents in one location can create habitual soiling spots.

Common House Training Challenges

• Small bladder capacity requiring frequent outdoor access
• Difficulty communicating need to go out
• Punishment creating fear of eliminating near owners
• Inconsistent schedules
• Medical issues (urinary tract infections, digestive problems)

Fast House Training Solutions

Strict Schedule:

Puppy Schedule (8-16 weeks):

• First thing in morning
• After every meal (15-30 minutes)
• After waking from naps
• After play sessions
• Every 1-2 hours during day
• Last thing before bed

Adult Schedule:

• First thing in morning
• After meals
• Mid-day
• Evening
• Before bed

Crate Training:

Benefits:

• Dogs instinctively avoid soiling sleeping areas
• Teaches bladder control
• Provides safe space

Proper Crate Training:

1. Make crate comfortable and positive
2. Feed meals in crate
3. Gradually increase crate time
4. Never use as punishment
5. Ensure size is appropriate (stand, turn, lie down)
6. Don’t leave too long (4-6 hours maximum for adults)

Positive Reinforcement:

• Take to designated elimination spot
• Use command phrase (“go potty”)
• Reward immediately after elimination (treats, praise)
• Keep outdoor time focused on elimination
• Don’t play until after dog eliminates

Accident Management:

• Clean thoroughly with enzymatic cleaners
• Never punish after the fact
• Interrupt in-progress accidents calmly
• Immediately take outside to designated spot
• Identify patterns (timing, location) to prevent future accidents

Medical Evaluation:

If house training difficulties persist despite consistent training, consult veterinarians to rule out:

• Urinary tract infections
• Digestive issues
• Diabetes
• Kidney problems
• Age-related incontinence

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6. Jumping on People

Why Dogs Jump

Jumping is natural greeting behavior in dogs—they seek face-to-face interaction. When jumping successfully gains attention, the behavior is reinforced even if attention is negative (pushing away, yelling).

Problems with Jumping

• Knocks down children or elderly people
• Muddy paws on clothing
• Scratches skin
• Creates excitable, uncontrolled greetings
• Annoying to guests

Fast Solutions for Jumping

“Off” or “Down” Command:

Training Steps:

1. When dog jumps, turn away and ignore
2. Wait for four paws on ground
3. Immediately mark with “yes!” and reward
4. Practice consistently
5. Teach “off” command during calm moments

Alternative Behavior Training:

Teach “Sit” for Greetings:

1. Require sit before any greeting attention
2. Reward sitting behavior heavily
3. Ignore any jumping attempts
4. Release from sit for calm interaction

Management Strategies:

• Leash dog before guests arrive
• Prevent jumping before it starts
• Teach guests proper greeting protocol
• Keep greetings calm and low-key

Energy Redirection:

• Exercise before situations triggering jumping
• Provide appropriate outlets (toys, games)
• Channel excitement into acceptable behaviors

Consistency Is Critical:

• All family members must follow same rules
• No exceptions (even for visitors who “don’t mind”)
• Inconsistency creates confusion and slows progress

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7. Destructive Chewing

Understanding Chewing Behavior

Chewing is natural for dogs—it relieves stress, exercises jaws, and feels satisfying. Problems arise when dogs chew inappropriate items: furniture, shoes, household objects.

Causes of Destructive Chewing

Puppy Teething: Puppies chew to relieve teething discomfort (3-6 months old).

Boredom: Under-stimulated dogs chew for entertainment.

Anxiety: Stress or separation anxiety manifests as chewing.

Excess Energy: Inadequate exercise leads to destructive outlets.

Attention-Seeking: Chewing forbidden items gains owner attention.

Fast Solutions

Provide Appropriate Chew Toys:

Toy Variety:

• Hard rubber toys (Kong-type)
• Rope toys
• Dental chews
• Puzzle toys dispensing treats
• Frozen toys for teething puppies

Make Appropriate Items Most Appealing:

• Stuff Kongs with treats or peanut butter
• Rotate toys to maintain novelty
• Reserve special toys for alone time

Redirect Immediately:

When catching inappropriate chewing:

1. Interrupt calmly (not punishment)
2. Redirect to appropriate chew toy
3. Praise heavily when chewing correct item
4. Never chase or make it a game

Manage Environment:

• Remove or secure valuable/dangerous items
• Use bitter apple spray on furniture edges
• Provide adequate exercise and mental stimulation
• Address underlying causes (boredom, anxiety)

Supervision:

• Watch dogs closely during free time
• Use crates or confined areas when unsupervised
• Gradually increase freedom as behavior improves

Exercise and Stimulation:

• 20-30 minutes daily physical exercise
• Training sessions
• Interactive play
• Mental enrichment activities

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8. Excessive Licking

When Licking Becomes Problematic

Normal licking (occasional grooming, affectionate face licks) differs from excessive licking—compulsive, repetitive licking of self, objects, or people causing irritation or interference with normal activities.

Causes of Excessive Licking

Medical Issues:

• Skin allergies or irritation
• Pain (joint problems, injuries)
• Gastrointestinal upset
• Neurological conditions

Behavioral/Psychological:

• Anxiety or stress
• Boredom
• Compulsive disorder
• Attention-seeking behavior

Solutions for Excessive Licking

Medical Evaluation First:

Consult veterinarians to rule out:

• Allergies (food or environmental)
• Skin infections
• Pain sources
• Gastrointestinal issues

Behavioral Solutions:

Increase Mental Stimulation:

• Puzzle toys and interactive feeders
• Training sessions teaching new skills
• Scent games and nose work
• Regular varied activities

Physical Exercise:

• Daily walks
• Active play sessions
• Swimming or other activities
• Energy outlets preventing boredom

Redirection:

When licking begins:

1. Interrupt calmly
2. Redirect to appropriate activity (chew toy, game)
3. Reward engagement with alternative
4. Don’t punish licking (increases anxiety)

Anxiety Management:

• Identify and address anxiety triggers
• Create predictable routines
• Provide safe, comfortable spaces
• Consider calming aids (pressure wraps, pheromone diffusers)
• Severe cases may need medication

Compulsive Behavior Treatment:

If licking becomes compulsive:

• Veterinary behaviorist consultation
• Behavior modification protocols
• Possible medication
• Environmental enrichment
• Structured daily routines

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Creating Lasting Behavior Change

Key Principles for Success

Consistency: Everyone in household must follow same rules and responses.

Positive Reinforcement: Reward desired behaviors; ignore or redirect unwanted behaviors.

Patience: Behavior change takes time; quick fixes don’t create lasting results.

Early Intervention: Address problems promptly before they become entrenched habits.

Professional Help: Don’t hesitate to consult trainers or behaviorists for challenging issues.

Training Foundations

Basic Obedience:

All Shih Tzus benefit from learning:

• Sit
• Stay
• Come
• Down
• Leave it
• Drop it

These commands provide communication tools and mental stimulation while building owner-dog relationship.

Socialization:

Proper socialization prevents many behavior problems:

• Expose to various people, animals, environments
• Create positive associations with new experiences
• Start early (8-16 weeks) but continue throughout life
• Proceed at dog’s pace without forcing interaction

Watch the full video above for visual demonstrations of these training techniques.

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When to Seek Professional Help

Warning Signs Requiring Professional Intervention

• Aggression escalating in frequency or severity
• Behavior problems not improving with consistent training
• Multiple behavior issues occurring simultaneously
• Anxiety or fear severely impacting quality of life
• Resource guarding involving serious bite risk
• Compulsive behaviors interfering with normal activities

Professional Resources

Certified Dog Trainers: Professional certified trainers can provide structured training programs and personalized behavior modification plans.

Veterinary Behaviorists: Board-certified specialists in animal behavior who can prescribe medication and create comprehensive treatment plans.

Your Veterinarian: First stop for behavior concerns to rule out medical causes.

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Conclusion

Eight common Shih Tzu behavior problems—separation anxiety, hyperactivity, aggression, resource guarding, house training difficulties, jumping, destructive chewing, and excessive licking—respond well to consistent, positive training approaches when addressed promptly.

Understanding why these behaviors develop allows owners to implement targeted solutions addressing root causes rather than simply suppressing symptoms. Most behavior problems stem from unmet needs: insufficient exercise, inadequate mental stimulation, lack of clear communication, or underlying anxiety.

Commitment to consistent training, environmental management, and positive reinforcement creates lasting behavior change. The investment in addressing behavior problems strengthens the human-dog bond and ensures Shih Tzus become well-adjusted, enjoyable companions throughout their lives.

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This guide is for educational purposes only. Severe behavior problems, particularly aggression, require professional evaluation. Always consult with certified dog trainers or veterinary behaviorists for comprehensive behavior modification programs tailored to individual dogs.